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How does an Ekranoplano® work? The complete visual guide

The Ekranoplano® is a personal recreational craft designed to glide just above the surface of the water by combining an efficient hull with aerodynamic lift and propeller thrust. Rather than pushing through the water like a conventional boat, its hull gradually reduces contact with the water as speed increases, creating a smooth and exciting ride.

1. A new way to travel on water

The Ekranoplano® does not travel like a conventional boat. As it gains speed, the hull design progressively reduces its water contact, turning forward motion into a smooth, low-drag glide.

Side view of the Ekranoplano: carbon-fiber catamaran hull with a red ducted air propeller
Side view · carbon-fiber hull and ducted air propeller

2. Lightweight hull

The body is built from lightweight marine composite materials. Its wide shape provides:

  • Excellent stability
  • High buoyancy
  • Low weight
  • Low drag
  • Comfortable seating

3. Ground effect

As speed increases, the airflow between the hull and the water surface becomes compressed. This ground effect reduces drag and partially supports the weight of the craft, allowing it to glide more efficiently. It is similar to the effect birds experience flying very close to the ocean surface. We explain it in depth in how ground effect works.

Top view of the Ekranoplano showing the manta-inspired trimaran hull and cockpit
Top view · manta-inspired shape with three hulls

4. Air propeller propulsion

Instead of a submerged propeller or water jet, the Ekranoplano® is propelled by a large, slow-turning air propeller. Advantages include:

  • High efficiency
  • Simple mechanical design
  • No underwater propeller
  • Reduced maintenance
  • Excellent acceleration

5. Rotating motor steering system

The engine is mounted on a vertical steering post. Instead of turning underwater drives, the entire propulsion unit rotates left or right by approximately 20 degrees, redirecting the propeller thrust while simultaneously turning the underwater rudder. Benefits: smooth steering, simple mechanics, precise control and excellent maneuverability.

Rear view of the Ekranoplano with the red ducted propeller and carbon fin
Rear view · propulsion unit and rudder that turn together

6. Underwater directional channel

A shallow longitudinal channel underneath the hull guides water flow. This improves straight-line tracking, directional stability, reduces side slipping and makes handling more predictable.

Bottom view of the Ekranoplano showing the directional channel between the hulls
Bottom view · channel that guides water and improves stability

7. Manta-inspired hull

The body shape is inspired by the graceful form of a manta ray. Benefits: wide stance, natural stability, efficient airflow, attractive appearance and a comfortable ride.

8. Low center of gravity

The pilot sits in a reclined Formula 1–style position. Advantages: increased stability, better comfort, improved aerodynamics and enhanced control.

Front view of the Ekranoplano with the low cockpit and side hulls
Front view · low pilot position and stabilizing hulls

9. Simple construction

The design emphasizes few moving parts, readily available components, easy maintenance, affordable construction and a lightweight structure. Learn about the Ekranoplano materials.

10. Fun by design

The Ekranoplano® is intended for recreational use in calm waters, providing a unique sensation of gliding over the surface while enjoying the scenery. It is designed to be fun, efficient, stable, easy to operate and exciting.

The Ekranoplano® experience

Imagine leaving the shoreline. The propeller begins to push a smooth stream of air through the rear tunnel. The hull rises gently onto its planing surfaces as the water contact steadily decreases. The wide manta-inspired wings provide stability while the airflow beneath the craft becomes more efficient.

With only light contact remaining between the hull and the water, the Ekranoplano® begins to glide effortlessly over the surface. The result is a unique sensation—quieter than a typical personal watercraft, smoother than a small boat, and unlike any other recreational craft.